4. Mesh Topology
Mesh topology is the most complex and most fail-resistant type of network topology. In a mesh topology, each device is connected to every other device directly. Data can be transmitted through multiple paths, so if one path is damaged, the data can still move through the other.
Pros: Highly reliable because there are many alternative paths for data.
Cons: Requires a lot of cables and devices, making it very expensive.
5. Tree Topology
A combination of bus and star topologies. It has a central device that connects to other devices in a hierarchical form, similar to tree branches.
Pros: Clear hierarchy, easy to manage.
Disadvantages: If the roots are damaged, all branches below them will be disturbed.
6. Hybrid Topology
A hybrid topology is a combination of two or more basic network topologies, such as bus, ring, star, and mesh. The purpose of this topology is to combine the advantages of various topologies while reducing the disadvantages of each. Typically, hybrid topologies are used in large networks that require flexibility and scalability.
Pros: Flexible and can be adjusted to network needs.
Cons: Complexity in setup and management.
Ethernet Technology
Ethernet is a networking technology used to connect devices in a local area network (LAN). Known for its stability and ease of use, Ethernet has become the industry standard for wired networks. This technology regulates how data is sent and received over wires, as well as how devices in the network communicate with each other.
Types of Ethernet
1. Ethernet Standard (10Mbps):
- The speed is 10 Mbps, fast enough for most networking tasks.
- Ideal for small networks and applications that don’t require high speeds.
2. Fast Ethernet (100Mbps):
- Speed of 100 Mbps, faster than standard Ethernet.
- Ideal for networks that require high speeds such as desktop video and multimedia.
3. Gigabit Ethernet (1000BaseT):
- The speed of 1000 Mbps, is very fast and ideal for applications that require high speeds such as 4K video and other heavy applications.
4. Ethernet Fiber Optic (1000BaseSX/LX):
- Using fiber optic technology to improve network speed and security.
- Ideal for networks that require high speeds and higher security.
Types of Networks by Scale
Local Area Network (LAN)
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is limited to a relatively small area, such as an office, school, or apartment. LANs allow devices within the region to communicate and share resources.
Application:
- Office: LANs are widely used in offices to share files, printers, and applications.
- Schools: LANs help students and teachers share resources and information.
- Apartments: LANs allow apartment residents to share the internet and other resources.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that covers a wider area, such as a city, country, or even the world. WAN allows devices in different locations to communicate and share resources.
Application:
- Large Enterprises: WANs are used by large companies to connect branch offices in various locations.
- Government: The WAN assists the government in managing information and resources across various departments.
- Internet Services: WANs are used by Internet service providers to provide Internet access to customers around the world.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a network that covers metropolitan areas, such as large cities. MAN enables devices within the metropolitan area to communicate and share resources.
Application:
- Big Cities: MAN is used by big cities to connect public facilities such as train stations, shopping malls, and healthcare facilities.
- Education: MAN assists educational institutions in managing information and resources across various campuses.
- Large Corporations: MAN is used by large companies to connect offices within large cities.